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The EPA has excluded cement kiln dust from the hazardous waste regulations of
the RCRA regulations since the 1980s. Since then, the management rules that must
be followed for the beneficial use of cement kiln dust have been examined and
modified many times.
The general consensus met by the EPA and industries that produce and utilize
cement kiln dust is that CKD is a non-hazardous material as long as it is
handled properly, and necessary precautions are always taken. According to EPA
rules, when cement kiln dust isn't managed properly, it is considered hazardous,
and will be regulated accordingly.
Many of the current regulations for the waste material deal with pollution
control. Landfills for the disposal of cement kiln dust must be designed and
continually managed to meet EPA standards. Groundwater monitoring is required to
ensure that leaching is kept to a minimum. A facility's stockpile also has to be
periodically compacted and wet down to control the release of dust particles
into the air. Enclosed vehicles and storage tanks also have to be used when a
material is being temporarily stored before use.
In 1999, the EPA proposed regulations for cement kiln dust that kept the
material as a non-hazardous waste. In the summer of 2002, further information
was made available, in hopes of implementing a final rule on cement kiln dust
regulations by early 2003.
In Maine, Chapter 418 of the Maine Solid Waste Management Rules deals with the
beneficial use of waste materials. Section 7 of this DEP document deals with the
licensing of materials, like CKD, that don't qualify for exemption or reduced
procedures.
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